North America Countries
North America is the third-largest continent in the world, covering an area of approximately 24.71 million square kilometers. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and South America to the southeast. The continent is home to 23 countries, including Canada, the United States, Mexico, and various Caribbean nations. It also includes several territories and dependencies.
1. Antigua and Barbuda
- Capital: St. John’s
- Population: Approximately 98,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Antigua and Barbuda is a twin-island nation located in the Caribbean Sea. Known for its stunning beaches and coral reefs, it is a popular tourist destination. The country gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1981.
2. Bahamas
- Capital: Nassau
- Population: Around 393,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Bahamian dollar (BSD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
The Bahamas is an archipelago of islands in the Atlantic Ocean, known for its pristine beaches, turquoise waters, and vibrant marine life. It is a popular destination for tourism and is renowned for its luxury resorts and water-based activities.
3. Barbados
- Capital: Bridgetown
- Population: Approximately 287,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Barbadian dollar (BBD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Barbados is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies. Known for its beautiful beaches, vibrant culture, and colonial architecture, it is a popular tourist destination. Barbados gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1966.
4. Belize
- Capital: Belmopan
- Population: Around 408,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Belize dollar (BZD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Belize is a country on the eastern coast of Central America, bordered by Mexico to the north and Guatemala to the west and south. It is known for its diverse ecosystems, including tropical forests, Mayan ruins, and the Belize Barrier Reef, the second-largest coral reef system in the world.
5. Canada
- Capital: Ottawa
- Population: Over 38 million
- Language: English, French
- Currency: Canadian dollar (CAD)
- Government: Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
- Canada is the second-largest country in the world by land area, known for its stunning natural landscapes, including vast forests, majestic mountains, and pristine lakes. It is a highly developed country with a high standard of living, multicultural society, and strong economy.
6. Costa Rica
- Capital: San José
- Population: Approximately 5.1 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Costa Rican colón (CRC)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Costa Rica is a country in Central America, known for its rich biodiversity, lush rainforests, and eco-friendly tourism. It is a leader in environmental conservation and sustainable development, with a strong emphasis on ecotourism and renewable energy.
7. Cuba
- Capital: Havana
- Population: Around 11.3 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Cuban peso (CUP), Cuban convertible peso (CUC)
- Government: Unitary Marxist–Leninist socialist republic
Cuba is an island country in the Caribbean, known for its vibrant culture, historic architecture, and beautiful beaches. It has a unique political system and has been subject to a trade embargo by the United States for several decades.
8. Dominica
- Capital: Roseau
- Population: Approximately 72,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Dominica is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean, known for its lush rainforests, volcanic landscapes, and hot springs. It is often referred to as the “Nature Isle of the Caribbean” due to its pristine natural environment.
9. Dominican Republic
- Capital: Santo Domingo
- Population: Over 10.8 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Dominican peso (DOP)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
The Dominican Republic shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti, making it the second-largest nation in the Caribbean. It is known for its beautiful beaches, colonial architecture, and vibrant culture, including music and dance such as merengue and bachata.
10. El Salvador
- Capital: San Salvador
- Population: Approximately 6.5 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: United States dollar (USD)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
El Salvador is the smallest and most densely populated country in Central America, known for its Pacific coastline, volcanic landscapes, and Mayan archaeological sites. It has a history of civil unrest and violence but has made progress in recent years towards stability and development.
11. Grenada
- Capital: St. George’s
- Population: Around 112,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Grenada is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean, known for its beautiful beaches, spice plantations, and picturesque landscapes. It is often referred to as the “Spice Isle” due to its production of nutmeg, cinnamon, and cloves.
12. Guatemala
- Capital: Guatemala City
- Population: Over 17.9 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Guatemalan quetzal (GTQ)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Guatemala is a country in Central America, known for its rich indigenous culture, Mayan ruins, and volcanic landscapes. It has a diverse population, with a significant indigenous Mayan minority. Guatemala has a history of political instability and social inequality but has made progress in recent years towards peace and development.
13. Haiti
- Capital: Port-au-Prince
- Population: Approximately 11.3 million
- Language: Haitian Creole, French
- Currency: Haitian gourde (HTG)
- Government: Unitary semi-presidential republic
Haiti is a country on the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean, sharing the island with the Dominican Republic. It is known for its vibrant culture, historic landmarks, and challenging socio-economic conditions. Haiti has experienced significant political instability and natural disasters, including earthquakes and hurricanes.
14. Honduras
- Capital: Tegucigalpa
- Population: Around 10.1 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Honduran lempira (HNL)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Honduras is a country in Central America, known for its Caribbean coastline, Mayan ruins, and diverse ecosystems. It has faced challenges such as political instability, crime, and poverty but has made progress in areas such as tourism and economic development.
15. Jamaica
- Capital: Kingston
- Population: Approximately 2.9 million
- Language: English
- Currency: Jamaican dollar (JMD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean, known for its reggae music, vibrant culture, and stunning beaches. It has a diverse population, with influences from African, Indian, Chinese, and European heritage. Jamaica is famous for its music, cuisine, and sporting achievements, particularly in track and field.
16. Mexico
- Capital: Mexico City
- Population: Over 126 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Mexican peso (MXN)
- Government: Federal presidential constitutional republic
Mexico is the largest Spanish-speaking country in the world and the third-largest country in North America by population. It is known for its rich history, diverse culture, and culinary traditions, including tacos, tamales, and mole sauce. Mexico has stunning landscapes, from deserts and mountains to tropical forests and beaches.
17. Nicaragua
- Capital: Managua
- Population: Around 6.7 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Nicaraguan córdoba (NIO)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Nicaragua is a country in Central America, known for its diverse geography, including volcanoes, lakes, and tropical rainforests. It has a turbulent history of political unrest and civil conflict but has made progress towards peace and democracy in recent years. Nicaragua is also known for its colonial architecture and vibrant culture.
18. Panama
- Capital: Panama City
- Population: Approximately 4.4 million
- Language: Spanish
- Currency: Panamanian balboa (PAB), United States dollar (USD)
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
Panama is a country in Central America, known for its famous canal, which connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and is a vital shipping route. It is also known for its biodiversity, tropical rainforests, and cultural diversity, influenced by indigenous peoples, Spanish colonizers, and African slaves.
19. Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Capital: Basseterre
- Population: Around 53,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Saint Kitts and Nevis is a dual-island nation in the Caribbean, known for its beautiful beaches, lush rainforests, and historic landmarks. It is one of the smallest countries in the Americas by both area and population.
20. Saint Lucia
- Capital: Castries
- Population: Approximately 183,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Saint Lucia is an island country in the eastern Caribbean Sea, known for its stunning volcanic landscapes, including the iconic twin peaks of the Pitons. It is a popular tourist destination, offering a blend of natural beauty, outdoor activities, and cultural experiences.
21. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Capital: Kingstown
- Population: Around 110,000
- Language: English
- Currency: Eastern Caribbean dollar (XCD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean, known for its beautiful beaches, crystal-clear waters, and sailing opportunities. It is composed of the main island of Saint Vincent and a chain of smaller islands known as the Grenadines.
22. Trinidad and Tobago
- Capital: Port of Spain
- Population: Approximately 1.4 million
- Language: English
- Currency: Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
- Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Trinidad and Tobago is a twin-island country in the southern Caribbean, known for its vibrant culture, Carnival celebrations, and diverse cuisine. It is rich in natural resources, including oil and natural gas, and has a strong economy compared to other Caribbean nations.
23. United States
- Capital: Washington, D.C.
- Population: Over 331 million
- Language: English
- Currency: United States dollar (USD)
- Government: Federal presidential constitutional republic
The United States is the third-largest country in the world by population and the fourth-largest by land area. It is known for its diverse culture, iconic landmarks, and economic power. The United States has a significant influence on global politics, economy, and culture.